ELECTRICAL ENERGY AUDIT IN PAKUWON CITY MALL 2 BUILDING FOR EFFICIENCY

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Lighting System
The lighting on PCM2 complies with the general electrical installation regulations (PUIL) standards and is grouped into lamps to facilitate control and maintenance of the installation. From the results of calculating the number of light points, Table 1 shows the energy consumption of lighting loads per day in the PCM2 building. From the calculation of the number of light points in Tables 1-3, it can be calculated the total number of lights on each floor and also the number of lamp power requirements in the PCM2 Building. Table 1 shows the grouping and power requirements of the lamps used in lighting installations on all floors.

Cooling System
Cooling on (PCM 2) uses a chiller to obtain comfortable conditions for PCM2 Visitors who are shopping  From the Chiller specification data and operational schedule shown in Tables 2 and 3, it can be explained that the Chiller operational procedure is as follows: -Chiller 1 operates from 10:00 to 22:00 -Chiller 2 operates from 10:00 to 22:00 Table Description -Orange color: shows the identity of chiller 1 -Blue color: indicates the identity of chiller 2 -Operational indicators are indicated by number 1 (On) and number 0 (Off).

Data retrieval
The data taken for this research include current and voltage data Data of current The current data taken is the electric current of the 3-phase R/S/T chiller on operating days. Shown in Table 4.

Data of voltage
The voltage data taken is the 3-phase voltage R-S / R-T / S-T during daily operations in Chiller 1 and Chiller 2 as shown in Table 5.

Escalator System
Escalators are used continuously even without being burdened, so the electricity demand can be reduced by adding an automatic start-stop device. Table 7 is data on escalator specifications, while the escalator operational schedule is in Table 8.  From the operational schedule shown in Table 8 can be explained the operational procedures of the escalator during weekdays are as follows: -Escalator 1 operates from 10:00 to 22:00 -Escalator 2 operates from 10:00 to 22:00

Data retrieval
The data taken for this research include data on the number of escalators on each floor.

Elevator System
The elevator will stop on the ground floor if there are no passengers. To determine the amount of energy required for each elevator, it can be determined through the following calculations:

Elevator Operational Schedule
The elevator Operational Schedule is shown in Table 12. The operational schedule in Table 12 can be explained that the elevator operational procedures during weekdays are as follows: -elevator 1 operates from 10:00 to 22:00 -elevator 2 operates from 10:00 to 22:00 -elevator 3 operates from 10:00 to 22:00 -elevator 4 operates from 10:00 to 22:00   The operational schedule in Table 13 can be explained as the elevator operational procedures on weekdays as follows : -elevator 1 operates from 10:00 to 22:00 -elevator 2 operates from 10:00 to 22:00

Data retrieval
The data for this research is the balance data on the weight of the elevator in the building.

Energy Audits
Electrical energy is a form of energy that comes from a current source which is usually expressed in Watt-hours. The energy used by electrical equipment is the rate of energy use (power multiplied by time) during which the equipment is used. Mathematically it can be written in (1) [4]:

Power x Time = Energy
(1) Power: is the power of electrical equipment (Watts) Time: is the time during which the equipment is used (hours) Energy: is the electrical energy consumed by electrical equipment (Watt hour).
To calculate the amount of electrical energy consumption in buildings and to identify or find out energy-saving steps that can be taken to achieve efficiency in the use of electrical energy, an energy audit can be carried out. In general, an energy audit is an activity to identify where and how much energy is used and what steps can be taken in the context of energy conservation at an energy user facility.
Data collection is then followed by analysis and energy conservation activities that will be implemented. Energy audit activities start from simple data surveys to a detailed examination of existing data, analyzed and designed to generate new data. Through an energy audit, we can obtain a portrait of energy use in a building, namely an overview of the type, amount of energy use, energy equipment, energy intensity, and other data [6].

The Intensity of Electrical Energy Consumption
Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) is used to express the amount of energy used in a building that has been implemented in several countries (ASEAN and APEC), expressed in kWh/m2/year [5]. ECI standard values for buildings in Indonesia can be seen in Table 16.
The ECI standard value for buildings in Indonesia has been established by the Ministry of National Education of the Republic of Indonesia in 2000 [5]. Rooms that use AC and without AC have ECI standards which can be seen in Table 17.  The energy consumption intensity value is calculated based on the data obtained from the energy audit activity in that building.
If the ECI value obtained through the initial energy audit is greater than the predetermined standard value, then a detailed energy audit needs to be carried out to obtain a profile of the building's energy use so that it can be identified which electrical equipment uses quite a large amount of energy. In a detailed energy audit, all energy analysis is carried out based on the data obtained from the measurement results. The measuring instrument used is a calibrated measuring instrument either in the form of a permanent measuring instrument at the agency or a portable measuring instrument.
Energy audits and energy-saving possibilities identified in the audits are best applied in energy management programs where operations, formally known, are an integral part of the overall management activities that are ongoing in an organization.

Energy Saving Opportunities
Based on the data that has been obtained, both from measurement results and historical data on energy use, the amount of electricity consumption energy intensity (ECI) is calculated and a building energy use profile is compiled. The calculated ECI size is then compared with the ECI standard used (ECI target). If the calculated ECI is equal to or less than the ECI target, then the detailed energy audit can be stopped or continued with the aim of getting an even lower ECI value. However, if the results of the ECI calculation are greater than the ECI target, it means that there is an opportunity to continue the detailed energy audit process to obtain energy savings.
The next thing to do is to make a list of possible energy-saving opportunities. Energy-saving opportunities that cannot be implemented or that are not desirable should be removed from the list and the remaining savings opportunities will then be evaluated or analyzed.
Analysis of energy-saving opportunities is carried out by comparing the potential for energy-saving gains with the costs to be paid for implementing the recommended energy-saving plans. Energy savings in buildings cannot be obtained simply by reducing the comfort of building occupants or productivity in the work environment.
Analysis of energy-saving opportunities can be done with efforts, including: a. Minimizing energy use as little as possible (reducing installed/used power and operating hours). b. Improve equipment performance. c. Using a cheap energy source.

Energy Saving Recommendations
After conducting a survey and analyzing energy use data, the next thing to do is to make energy-saving recommendations. This recommendation is a suggestion that companies or building owners can make to improve the efficiency of energy use in the building. In general, recommendations can be: a. Recommendations to replace the system, because the old system is considered inefficient. b. Recommendations for system improvement, because the system is considered less efficient, so it is necessary to make a few changes so that efficiency can be increased. c. Recommendations for installing new equipment.
Based on EMO (Energy Management Opportunity), recommendations can be divided into three categories based on their capital costs, namely: a. Category 1: includes no-cost investment and does not change system operations. Usually only in the form of a recommendation to turn off the lights or AC when not in use, change the AC temperature setting so that it is not too low, etc. b. Category 2: includes a low-cost investment with little change or improvement to the system. For example, installing a timer to turn off equipment, and replacing T8 fluorescent tube lamps with T5 fluorescent tubes. Category 3: includes a high-cost investment with some changes and improvements to the system. For example, installing power factor correction equipment, and installing a variable speed drive.